Enzyme Details

EC Classification

1.1.1.21

Enzyme name
(recommended)

aldehyde reductase

Alternative names

alditol:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase
aldose reductase
polyol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
ALR2
alditol:NADP+ oxidoreductase
alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase
NADPH-aldopentose reductase
NADPH-aldose reductase

Classification

Oxidoreductases

Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

With NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor

Catalyses reactions

Ethanol + NADP+ <-> H+ + NADPH + Acetaldehyde

NAD+ + Alditol <-> NADH + H+ + Aldose

NADP+ + Glycolate <-> H+ + NADPH + Glyoxylate

NADP+ + Alditol <-> H+ + NADPH + Aldose

NADP+ + Glycerol <-> H+ + NADPH + D-Glyceraldehyde

NAD+ + Lactaldehyde <-> NADH + H+ + Methylglyoxal

NADP+ + 1,2-Propanediol <-> H+ + NADPH + Lactaldehyde

H2O + NADP+ + Succinate semialdehyde <-> H+ + NADPH + Succinate

NADP+ + sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate <-> D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H+ + NADPH

NAD+ + Glycerol <-> NADH + H+ + D-Glyceraldehyde

NADP+ + Glycerol <-> H+ + NADPH + Dihydroxyacetone

NADH + H+ + D-Galactose <-> NAD+ + Galactitol

H+ + NADPH + D-Galactose <-> NADP+ + Galactitol

NADP+ + Xylitol <-> H+ + NADPH + D-Xylose

NADP+ + L-Gulonate <-> H+ + NADPH + D-Glucuronate

NAD+ + L-Arabitol <-> NADH + H+ + L-Arabinose

NADP+ + L-Arabitol <-> H+ + NADPH + L-Arabinose

NAD+ + Benzyl alcohol <-> NADH + H+ + Benzaldehyde

NADP+ + D-Sorbitol <-> H+ + NADPH + alpha-D-Glucose

NADP+ + 1,2-Propanediol <-> H+ + NADPH + L-Lactaldehyde

NAD+ + 1-Propanol <-> NADH + H+ + Propanal

NADP+ + 5alpha-Androstane-3alpha-ol-17-one <-> H+ + NADPH + 5alpha-Androstane-3,17-dione

H+ + NADPH + Methylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + Hydroxyacetone

NADP+ + Indole-3-ethanol <-> H+ + NADPH + Indole-3-acetaldehyde

NADP+ + L-Gulono-1,4-lactone <-> H+ + NADPH + D-Glucurono-3,6-lactone

NADH + H+ + Butanal <-> NAD+ + 1-Butanol

H+ + NADPH + Butanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Butanol

NADP+ + 2-Propen-1-ol <-> H+ + NADPH + Acrolein

NAD+ + alpha-Hydroxy-p-xylene <-> NADH + H+ + p-Tolualdehyde

NAD+ + 3-Methylbenzyl alcohol <-> NADH + H+ + 3-Methylbenzaldehyde

NADP+ + sn-Glycerol 1-phosphate <-> Glycerone phosphate + H+ + NADPH

NADP+ + 3-Methylbutanol <-> H+ + NADPH + 3-Methylbutanal

NADH + H+ + D-Xylose <-> NAD+ + Xylitol

NADP+ + Mannitol <-> H+ + NADPH + D-Fructose

H+ + NADPH + 4-Cyanobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Cyanobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Pyridinemethanol

H+ + NADPH + Benzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + Benzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + D-Erythrose <-> NADP+ + Erythritol

H+ + NADPH + Glyceraldehyde <-> NADP+ + Glycerol

H+ + NADPH + D-Ribose <-> NADP+ + Ribitol

H+ + NADPH + Glycolaldehyde <-> NADP+ + Glycol

H+ + NADPH + m-Nitrobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + m-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + o-Nitrobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + o-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + p-Nitrobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + p-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + Glyceraldehyde <-> NAD+ + Glycerol

H+ + NADPH + Propanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Propanol

H+ + NADPH + Pyridine-3-aldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Pyridinemethanol

H+ + NADPH + Glucose <-> NADP+ + Sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Chlorobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Chlorobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Methoxybenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Hydroxyphenylethanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol

NAD+ + 1-Pentanol <-> NADH + H+ + 1-Pentanal

NADH + H+ + m-Nitrobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + m-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

NAD+ + 1-Hexanol <-> NADH + H+ + Hexanal

H+ + NADPH + D-Fucose <-> NADP+ + D-Fucitol

H+ + NADPH + D-Mannose <-> NADP+ + Mannitol

H+ + NADPH + L-Idose <-> NADP+ + L-Iditol

H+ + NADPH + D-Lyxose <-> NADP+ + D-Arabitol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Deoxy-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 2-Deoxy-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Deoxy-D-ribose <-> NADP+ + 2-Deoxy-D-ribitol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Deoxy-D-galactose <-> NADP+ + 2-Deoxy-D-galacitol

H+ + NADPH + 1-Pentanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Pentanol

H+ + NADPH + Hexanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Hexanol

NADH + H+ + D-Fucose <-> NAD+ + Fucitol

NADH + H+ + D-Ribose <-> NAD+ + Ribitol

NADH + H+ + L-Idose <-> NAD+ + Idositol

NADH + H+ + D-Mannose <-> NAD+ + D-Mannitol

NADH + H+ + D-Erythrose <-> NAD+ + D-Erythrol

NADH + H+ + 2-Deoxy-D-glucose <-> NAD+ + 2-Deoxy-D-sorbitol

NADH + H+ + 2-Deoxy-D-galactose <-> NAD+ + 2-Deoxy-D-galacitol

H+ + NADPH + L-Lyxose <-> NADP+ + L-Arabitol

NADH + H+ + L-Lyxose <-> NAD+ + L-Arabitol

H+ + NADPH + D-Glucose <-> NADP+ + D-Sorbitol

NADH + H+ + D-Glucose <-> NAD+ + D-Sorbitol

NADH + H+ + D-Lyxose <-> NAD+ + D-Arabitol

H+ + NADPH + Dimethylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + Acetoin

NADP+ + Lactaldehyde <-> H+ + NADPH + Methylglyoxal

NADH + H+ + Methylglyoxal <-> NAD+ + Hydroxyacetone

NADH + H+ + Acrolein <-> NAD+ + 2-Propen-1-ol

H+ + NADPH + Glyoxal <-> NADP+ + Glycolaldehyde

H+ + NADPH + D-Galacturonate <-> NADP+ + L-Galactonate

H+ + NADPH + Phenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 2-Hydroxyacetophenone

H+ + NADPH + Ethyl 3-oxobutanoate <-> NADP+ + Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate

H+ + NADPH + L-Glyceraldehyde <-> NADP+ + Glycerol

H+ + NADPH + Cyclohexan-1,2-dione <-> NADP+ + 2-Hydroxycyclohexanone

H+ + NADPH + Heptanal <-> NADP+ + Heptanol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Methylbutanal <-> NADP+ + 2-Methylbutanol

H+ + NADPH + L-Xylose <-> NADP+ + Xylitol

H+ + NADPH + 9-cis-Retinal <-> NADP+ + 9-cis-Retinol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Fluoro-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 2-Fluoro-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 6-Deoxy-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 6-Deoxy-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 6-Fluoro-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 6-Fluoro-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Fluoro-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 4-Fluoro-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Fluoro-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 3-Fluoro-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + 5-Thio-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 5-Thio-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + D-Lactaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 1,2-Propanediol

H+ + NADPH + 20alpha-Isocorticosterone <-> Unknown + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + Hydroxyacetone <-> NADP+ + 1,2-Propanediol

H+ + NADPH + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate <-> NADP+ + sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate

H+ + NADPH + 20alpha-Isocortisol <-> Unknown + NADP+

NADH + H+ + m-Fluorobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + m-Fluorobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 3-Bromobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 3-Bromobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 4-Cyanobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 4-Cyanobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 3-Cyanobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 3-Cyanobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + p-Chlorobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + m-Fluorobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + m-Fluorobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + p-Fluorobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 3-Chlorobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 3-Chlorobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 2-Chlorobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Methylphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Methylbenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + p-Chlorobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Methylbenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Methylbenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Cyanobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Cyanobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 2,4-Dimethylphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 2,4-Dimethylbenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + 2,3-Diketo-D-glucose <-> Unknown + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + 2-Methylpropanal <-> NADP+ + Isobutanol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Bromobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Bromobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Ethylbutanal <-> NADP+ + 2-Ethylbutanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + p-Fluorobenzyl alcohol

NADH + H+ + 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Chlorophenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Chlorobenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + p-Tolualdehyde <-> NADP+ + alpha-Hydroxy-p-xylene

H+ + NADPH + Phenylacetaldehyde <-> NADP+ + Phenylethyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Bromophenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Bromobenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + D-Allose <-> NADP+ + D-Allitol

NADH + H+ + 4-Bromobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 4-Bromobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Methoxyphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Methoxybenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + Nonanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Nonanol

NADH + H+ + 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + 3-Methoxybenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Benzoyloxyphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Benzoyloxybenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + 2,2-Dimethylpropanal <-> NADP+ + 2,2-Dimethylpropanol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Naphthaldehyde <-> NADP+ + (2-Naphthyl)methanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal <-> NADP+ + 4-Hydroxynonenol

H+ + NADPH + Formaldehyde <-> Methanol + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + 1-Octanal <-> NADP+ + 1-Octanol

H+ + NADPH + 2,4,6-Trimethylphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Keto-D-allose <-> Unknown + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + 2-Methylpentanal <-> NADP+ + 2-Methylpentanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Bromobenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Bromobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 3-Methoxyphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 3-Methoxybenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Phenylphenylglyoxal <-> NADP+ + 4-Phenylbenzoyl methanol

H+ + NADPH + Pyridine-2-aldehyde <-> NADP+ + 2-Pyridinylmethanol

H+ + NADPH + D-Xylosone <-> Unknown + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + Glucosone <-> Unknown + NADP+

H+ + NADPH + 1-Naphthaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 1-Hydroxymethylnaphthalene

H+ + NADPH + 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose <-> NADP+ + 3-O-Methyl-D-sorbitol

H+ + NADPH + Malondialdehyde <-> NADP+ + 3-Hydroxypropanal

H+ + NADPH + Pyridine-4-aldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Pyridinemethanol

NADP+ + Gulonate <-> H+ + NADPH + Glucuronate

H+ + NADPH + D-Arabinose <-> NADP+ + D-Arabitol

H+ + NADPH + (S)-all-trans-4-Hydroxyretinal <-> NADP+ + (S)-all-trans-4-Hydroxyretinol

NADH + H+ + p-Nitrobenzaldehyde <-> NAD+ + p-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

H+ + NADPH + 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde <-> NADP+ + 4-Carboxybenzyl alcohol

NADP+ + L-Lactaldehyde <-> H+ + NADPH + Methylglyoxal

2 H+ + 2 NADPH + Dimethylglyoxal <-> 2 NADP+ + 2,3-Butanediol

H+ + NADPH + 2-Benzoylpyridine <-> NADP+ + Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanol

H+ + NADPH + 9,10-Phenanthroquinone <-> NADP+ + Phenanthrene-9,10-diol

NADPH + 1-Palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine <-> NAD+ + 1-Palmitoyl-2-(5-hydroxyvaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine

NADP+ + Aldose reductase <-> Enzyme-NADP+ complex

NADPH + Aldose reductase <-> Enzyme-NADPH complex

H+ + NADPH + 3-Glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal <-> NADP+ + 3-Glutathionyl-1,4-dihydroxynonane

External links

Expasy
KEGG
BRENDA
IntEnz (EBI)
IUBMB
Reactome
MetaCrop

View all entries for EC Class: 1.1.1.21

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